Unit 6 (CONVERSATION IN GROUP)
Unit 5 (Childhood Depression)
Unit 5 (Childhood Depression)
Unit 4 (On Being Shy)
Answer
1. difficult, i feel shy to ask strangers
2. yes, i do
3. i feel easily and able, when i talk with others
4. in situation false
Berapa kali Anda merasa diri Anda sedikit pun marah karena kamu terlalu malu untuk berbicara ketika Anda benar-benar ingin memiliki percakapan kepada orang lain sedikit pun? Apakah kali pihak untuk berdiri di sudut dan menonton chat lainnya dan tari-takut untuk bergabung dengan mereka? Apakah Anda mendengarkan diskusi tetapi tidak memberikan pendapat Anda karena Anda pikir Anda tidak cukup pintar? Apakah Anda ingin kau bersikap ramah tapi tidak tahu bagaimana? Semua pikiran mengarah pada perasaan tidak bahagia.
Semacam ini ketidakbahagiaan datang sekitar bukan karena orang lain yang ingin menyakiti kita. Kami membuat ketidakbahagiaan ini untuk diri kita sendiri. Tentu, kami benar-benar tidak menyakiti diri kita sendiri, tetapi sering kita kelompok Facebook berpikir kita tidak sebaik yang lain-kita interior, semua orang yang lebih baik, cerdas, dan lebih menarik. Pikiran negatif membuat kita malu. Mengapa kita melakukan ini untuk diri kita sendiri? Hanya seorang psikolog dapat menemukan alasan. Sangat menarik untuk dicatat bahwa jumlah sangat besar orang yang pemalu. Ada, Namun, kabar baik. Jika kita ingin menyingkirkan rasa malu, hal itu dapat dilakukan.
Kami dapat membantu diri kita sendiri terbebas dari rasa malu. Tidak ada orang yang sempurna, dan semua orang memiliki kualitas yang baik. Apakah adil untuk memperhatikan ketidaksempurnaan kita dan mengabaikan kualitas baik kita? Tentu tidak! Saran berikut ini mungkin membantu dalam mengurangi rasa malu:
1. Pertama, memahami bahwa Anda tidak dapat menghilangkan rasa malu semalam. Ini adalah proses yang lambat yang harus bekerja secara bertahap.
2. Pikirkan tentang situasi ketika sedang pemalu yang paling menyakitkan. Mungkin masalah terbesar Anda adalah membuat pembicaraan kecil dengan orang asing di sebuah pesta. Dalam hal ini, mempersiapkan diri sedikit pun beberapa berita terbaru yang menarik untuk dibicarakan. Cuaca adalah topik yang sering digunakan untuk memulai percakapan.
3. Mendapatkan orang lain untuk berbicara tentang himfself / sendiri adalah ide cerdas. Banyak orang senang berbicara tentang diri mereka sendiri-atau memberikan pendapat mereka. Sebagai contoh, Anda dapat mengatakan sesuatu seperti, "Saya melihat Anda suka perhiasan modern; cincin Anda sangat luar biasa. Apakah Anda merancang mereka sendiri "ini dapat menjadi awal sebuah persahabatan?.
4. Setiap kali Anda mulai membuat perbandingan negatif antara diri sendiri dan orang lain, memaksa diri untuk berhenti melakukannya segera. Ambil pikiran Anda sendiri. lain Mengamati dan memikirkan pujian yang dapat digunakan untuk memulai percakapan dengan seseorang.
5. Jika Anda enggan bekerja di mana terdapat banyak rekan kerja, memilih orang yang paling menakutkan ke mungkin minum kopi dengan atau berbasa-basi dengan santai.
6. Tahu bahwa jika dalam usaha untuk mensosialisasikan kadang kegagalan, hal itu terjadi pada semua orang sekarang dan kemudian. Merasa bangga dengan diri Anda untuk membuat usaha.
7. Jika Anda diminta untuk memberikan laporan ke grup, mengatakan kepada mereka bahwa Anda jatuh gugup. Perasaan ini sangat alami, dan setiap orang dapat bersimpati. Menyatakan bahwa kelompok akan membuat Anda merasa lebih baik.
8. Pikirkan tentang kualitas yang baik dan percaya bahwa Anda sebaik orang lain ..... karena Anda!
9. Ambil kursus dalam mengembangkan kepercayaan diri atau membaca buku-buku pada subjek.
Hidup jauh lebih menyenangkan bagi orang yang tidak pemalu.
Simak
Verb | Phonetic Symbols | Translation |
Speak | [spik] | berbicara |
Conversation | [,kanvą’se∫ən] | percakapan |
Standing | [‘stændinђ] | kedudukan |
Watching | [wat∫inђ] | menonton |
Chat | [t∫æt] | mengobrol |
Dance | [dæns] | berdansa |
Listen | [‘lısņ] | mendengarkan |
Do | [do] | mengerjakan |
Discover | [dı’skʌvą] | menemukan |
Rid | [rıd] | membersihkan |
Force | [fors] | memaksa |
Choose | [t∫uz] | memilih |
Give | [gıv] | memberikan |
Take | [tek] | mengambil |
Subject | [‘sʌbdӡıkt] | menundukkan |
Join | [dӡɔın] | berhubungan |
Come | [kʌm] | datang |
Work | [wӡk] | mengerjakan |
Talk | [tɔk] | berbicara |
Overlook | [,ov ą’luk] | melupakan |
Help | [hεlp] | menolong |
Get | [gεt] | memperoleh |
Observe | [əb’zӡv] | mengamati |
Unit 3 (THE PROGRESSIVE TENSES)
Unit 2 (SINGMUND FREUD (1856-1939))
SINGMUND FREUD (1856-1939)
Singmund Freud was as Austrian doktor who explored the workings of the human mind. He delevoped psychoanalysis, which is both a way treating neurosis, or mental disturbances, and a theory of how the mind works.
Freud was born in Moravia, now part of Czechoslovakia. When he was four, his family moved to Viena, Austria. Freud entered the University of Viena when he was 17. One day he attended a lecture on nature. He was so fascinated that he made up his mind to become a docter.
Freud become interested in diseases of the mind. In 1885, he won a fellowship to study in Paris under the guidance of a doctor, Jean Martin Chariot, who was famaos for his work on this kind of diseases. The next year, Freud returned to Vienna, married, and began to treat diseases of the mind.
Freud has great insight into the human mind. He thought that every person is born with certain needs, he said, are unconscious-peopleare not a ware of thinking a bout such needs. Freud named the part of mind controlling these instinctive unconscious needs the id, and said that person's id operates to give pleasure.
Freud also said that, as we grow up from infancy, we acquire an ego, a collection of memories and thoughts that help us deal with the word around us. We continue to grow, and from the teaching of our family and society, we develop a superego- a conscience. Our superego and id often push in opposite ways. Our ego usually reduces this conflict by helping us to get pleasure without "hurting" our conscience.
But if a person unconscious thought and needs are very strong, they may cause unusual behavior, or neurosis. Freud's treatment for neurosis is psychoanalysis (examination of the mind), a method for uncovering these unconscious thoughts and understanding how they cause problems, Freud thoughts that dreams-even dreams that seem to make no sense- are a very important clue to understanding the mind.
Glossary
Explore : menyelidiki
Neurosis : gangguan mental
Disturbances : gangguan
Fascinated : tertarik, terpesona
Diseases : penyakit
Fellowship : beasiswa
Insight : perhatian, wawasan
Unconscious : tidak sadar
Id : keinginan, nafsu
Ego : tindakan untuk mendapatkan keinginan
Superego : norma ( yang mengontrol tindakan / ego)
Pleasure : kesenangan
Infancy : masa kecil
Acquire : mendapatkan
Uncovering : menemukan
A. Reading text tranlation
SIGMUND FREUD (1856-1939)
Sigmund Freud seorang dokter dari Austria yang menyelidiki pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang berkaitan dengan pikiran manusia. Dia mengembangkan psikoanalisis, yaitu suatu cara yang menyembuhkan neurosis, atau gangguan-gangguan mental, demikian pula neurosis merupakan suatu teori bagaimana pikiran bekerja.
Freud dilahirkan di Moravia, sekarang merupakan dari Cekoslowakia. Ketika dia berumur 4 tahun, keluarganya pindah ke Wina, Austria. Freud memasuki Universitas Wina, ketika dia berumur 17 tahun. Suatu hari dia menghadiri kuliah tentang alam, dia sangat kagum sehingga dia memutuskan untuk menjadi seorang dokter.
Freud menjadi tertarik untuk menekuni penyakit-penyakit pikiran. Tahun 1885 dia memperoleh suatu beasiswa untuk belajar di Paris dibawah bimbingan seorang dokter, Jean Martin Chariot, yang terkenal untuk karyanya yang berkaitan dengan penyakit-penyakit itu. Tahun berikutnya, Freud kembali ke Wina, menikah, dan mulai menyembuhkan penyakit-penyakit pikiran.
Freud memiliki pandangan besar mengenai/tentang pikiran manusia. Dia berfikir bahwa setiap orang dilahirkan dengan kebutuhan-kebutuhan tertentu, dia mengatakan, kebutuhan-kebutuhan tersebut tidak disadari (unconscious)-manusia tidak sadar akan kebutuhan-kebutuhan itu. Freud menamakan bagian dari pikiran yang mengendalikan kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang tidak disadari dan instinktif tersebut sebagai id, dan dia mengatakan bahwa id seseorang bekerja untuk memberikan kesenangan.
Freud juga mengatakan bahwa ketika kita tumbuh sejak bayi, kita memperoleh suatu ego, sekumpulan kenangan dan pikiran yang membantu kita berhubungan dengan dunia sekitar kita. Kita terus tumbuh, dan dari pengajaran keluarga dan masyarakat kita, kita mengembangkan suatu superogo- suatu suara batin/kata batin. Superego dan id kita sering mendorong dalam jalan yang berlawanan. Ego kita biasanya mengurangi konflik antara id dan superego karena ego menolong kita untuk memperoleh kesenangan tanpa "melukai" kata batin kita.
Tapi jika pikiran-pikiran dan kebutuhan-kebutuhan tidak sadar seseorang sangat kuat (menonjol). Semua itu dapat menyebabkan prilaku yang tidak biasa, atau neurosis (prilaku menyimpang). Penyembuhan Freud untuk neurosis disebut psikoanalisis (pemeriksaan terhadap pikiran), suatu metode untuk membuka pikiran-pikiran tidak sadar dan memahami bagaimana semua itu menyebabkan masalah-masalah, demikian pula mimpi-mimpi yang kelihatannya tidak masuk akal merupakan suatu tanda yang sangat penting untuk memahami pikiran.
EXERCISE
Answer these following question based on the above text!
1. when was Sigmund Freud born? Sigmund Freud was born in Moravia.
2. How old did he die? 83 years old
3. What was he concerned with? He was concerned with diseases of the mind
4. When did he join University? He joined university when he was 17
5. Why did he want to be a doctor? Because he was so fascinated on nature
6. Who was Jean Martin Chariot? Jean Martin Chariot was the Sigmund Freud's advisor/guide
7. According to Freud, food and drink are unconscious needs. Why did he say so? Because they are instinctive for the human beings.
8. These needs, he sad, are unconscious - people are no aware of thinking about such needs. What does "dash" (-)" mean? The dask (-) means the sign of an explamation for the word unconscious.
9. Mention the example of conscious needs and don't forget to explain each! Examples of conscious needs : need for achievement, need for affiliation, need for power.Need for achievement is the need to achieve goals. For example some one want to be a scholar. Need for affiliation is the need for close relationship. For example someone want to have a close friend, boy freind, girl friend. Need for power is the need to influence or persuade others to follow his/her intruction. For example someone want to be a manager/leader.
10. What do id, ego, and superego mean? Id is the need that are instinctive unconscious. For example, it can be an imtict to drink or eat.
Ego is the need to grow or nature an human beings, for example, ego can be the need to be a leader/ manager. Superego is family or social needs. For example superego can be unconssience derived from parents and society such as be good to your freinds, do not spoil the party.
Conscious, make up his mind, fellowship, fascinate, and acquire, disturbance, dealing, and ego
1. He is always confused to choose wich girl he should marry. His friends tells him to make his mind up which girl he tends to marry quickly.
2. He is a smart students but poor. He wants to enter the University without paying anything. His uncle, then, asks him to join afellowship program
3. My child is always interested in toys-cars and always asks me to buy them. One day we want shopping in delta plaza. Suddenly he stopped in front of car-shop and pointed out the big car. As a mater of fact, he was fascinated by the car, which was like his toy-car. And do you know what happened? He asked me to buy that car!
4. He was in coma for days, but now he is fully conscious again.
5. Some student say, that they study hard because they want to get reward from their parents. Some want to obtain good marks and some other want to aquire knowledge only.
6. Dealing some problems we have to discuss, would you please attend the meeting scheduled on Saturday night, 17 august 1995 at my house. Because it is very urgent, no excuse for you not to come to the meeting. Thanks a lot.
Singmund Freud was as Austrian doktor who explored the workings of the human mind. He delevoped psychoanalysis, which is both a way treating neurosis, or mental disturbances, and a theory of how the mind works.
Freud was born in Moravia, now part of Czechoslovakia. When he was four, his family moved to Viena, Austria. Freud entered the University of Viena when he was 17. One day he attended a lecture on nature. He was so fascinated that he made up his mind to become a docter.
Freud become interested in diseases of the mind. In 1885, he won a fellowship to study in Paris under the guidance of a doctor, Jean Martin Chariot, who was famaos for his work on this kind of diseases. The next year, Freud returned to Vienna, married, and began to treat diseases of the mind.
Freud has great insight into the human mind. He thought that every person is born with certain needs, he said, are unconscious-peopleare not a ware of thinking a bout such needs. Freud named the part of mind controlling these instinctive unconscious needs the id, and said that person's id operates to give pleasure.
Freud also said that, as we grow up from infancy, we acquire an ego, a collection of memories and thoughts that help us deal with the word around us. We continue to grow, and from the teaching of our family and society, we develop a superego- a conscience. Our superego and id often push in opposite ways. Our ego usually reduces this conflict by helping us to get pleasure without "hurting" our conscience.
But if a person unconscious thought and needs are very strong, they may cause unusual behavior, or neurosis. Freud's treatment for neurosis is psychoanalysis (examination of the mind), a method for uncovering these unconscious thoughts and understanding how they cause problems, Freud thoughts that dreams-even dreams that seem to make no sense- are a very important clue to understanding the mind.
Glossary
Explore : menyelidiki
Neurosis : gangguan mental
Disturbances : gangguan
Fascinated : tertarik, terpesona
Diseases : penyakit
Fellowship : beasiswa
Insight : perhatian, wawasan
Unconscious : tidak sadar
Id : keinginan, nafsu
Ego : tindakan untuk mendapatkan keinginan
Superego : norma ( yang mengontrol tindakan / ego)
Pleasure : kesenangan
Infancy : masa kecil
Acquire : mendapatkan
Uncovering : menemukan
A. Reading text tranlation
SIGMUND FREUD (1856-1939)
Sigmund Freud seorang dokter dari Austria yang menyelidiki pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang berkaitan dengan pikiran manusia. Dia mengembangkan psikoanalisis, yaitu suatu cara yang menyembuhkan neurosis, atau gangguan-gangguan mental, demikian pula neurosis merupakan suatu teori bagaimana pikiran bekerja.
Freud dilahirkan di Moravia, sekarang merupakan dari Cekoslowakia. Ketika dia berumur 4 tahun, keluarganya pindah ke Wina, Austria. Freud memasuki Universitas Wina, ketika dia berumur 17 tahun. Suatu hari dia menghadiri kuliah tentang alam, dia sangat kagum sehingga dia memutuskan untuk menjadi seorang dokter.
Freud menjadi tertarik untuk menekuni penyakit-penyakit pikiran. Tahun 1885 dia memperoleh suatu beasiswa untuk belajar di Paris dibawah bimbingan seorang dokter, Jean Martin Chariot, yang terkenal untuk karyanya yang berkaitan dengan penyakit-penyakit itu. Tahun berikutnya, Freud kembali ke Wina, menikah, dan mulai menyembuhkan penyakit-penyakit pikiran.
Freud memiliki pandangan besar mengenai/tentang pikiran manusia. Dia berfikir bahwa setiap orang dilahirkan dengan kebutuhan-kebutuhan tertentu, dia mengatakan, kebutuhan-kebutuhan tersebut tidak disadari (unconscious)-manusia tidak sadar akan kebutuhan-kebutuhan itu. Freud menamakan bagian dari pikiran yang mengendalikan kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang tidak disadari dan instinktif tersebut sebagai id, dan dia mengatakan bahwa id seseorang bekerja untuk memberikan kesenangan.
Freud juga mengatakan bahwa ketika kita tumbuh sejak bayi, kita memperoleh suatu ego, sekumpulan kenangan dan pikiran yang membantu kita berhubungan dengan dunia sekitar kita. Kita terus tumbuh, dan dari pengajaran keluarga dan masyarakat kita, kita mengembangkan suatu superogo- suatu suara batin/kata batin. Superego dan id kita sering mendorong dalam jalan yang berlawanan. Ego kita biasanya mengurangi konflik antara id dan superego karena ego menolong kita untuk memperoleh kesenangan tanpa "melukai" kata batin kita.
Tapi jika pikiran-pikiran dan kebutuhan-kebutuhan tidak sadar seseorang sangat kuat (menonjol). Semua itu dapat menyebabkan prilaku yang tidak biasa, atau neurosis (prilaku menyimpang). Penyembuhan Freud untuk neurosis disebut psikoanalisis (pemeriksaan terhadap pikiran), suatu metode untuk membuka pikiran-pikiran tidak sadar dan memahami bagaimana semua itu menyebabkan masalah-masalah, demikian pula mimpi-mimpi yang kelihatannya tidak masuk akal merupakan suatu tanda yang sangat penting untuk memahami pikiran.
EXERCISE
Answer these following question based on the above text!
1. when was Sigmund Freud born? Sigmund Freud was born in Moravia.
2. How old did he die? 83 years old
3. What was he concerned with? He was concerned with diseases of the mind
4. When did he join University? He joined university when he was 17
5. Why did he want to be a doctor? Because he was so fascinated on nature
6. Who was Jean Martin Chariot? Jean Martin Chariot was the Sigmund Freud's advisor/guide
7. According to Freud, food and drink are unconscious needs. Why did he say so? Because they are instinctive for the human beings.
8. These needs, he sad, are unconscious - people are no aware of thinking about such needs. What does "dash" (-)" mean? The dask (-) means the sign of an explamation for the word unconscious.
9. Mention the example of conscious needs and don't forget to explain each! Examples of conscious needs : need for achievement, need for affiliation, need for power.Need for achievement is the need to achieve goals. For example some one want to be a scholar. Need for affiliation is the need for close relationship. For example someone want to have a close friend, boy freind, girl friend. Need for power is the need to influence or persuade others to follow his/her intruction. For example someone want to be a manager/leader.
10. What do id, ego, and superego mean? Id is the need that are instinctive unconscious. For example, it can be an imtict to drink or eat.
Ego is the need to grow or nature an human beings, for example, ego can be the need to be a leader/ manager. Superego is family or social needs. For example superego can be unconssience derived from parents and society such as be good to your freinds, do not spoil the party.
Conscious, make up his mind, fellowship, fascinate, and acquire, disturbance, dealing, and ego
1. He is always confused to choose wich girl he should marry. His friends tells him to make his mind up which girl he tends to marry quickly.
2. He is a smart students but poor. He wants to enter the University without paying anything. His uncle, then, asks him to join afellowship program
3. My child is always interested in toys-cars and always asks me to buy them. One day we want shopping in delta plaza. Suddenly he stopped in front of car-shop and pointed out the big car. As a mater of fact, he was fascinated by the car, which was like his toy-car. And do you know what happened? He asked me to buy that car!
4. He was in coma for days, but now he is fully conscious again.
5. Some student say, that they study hard because they want to get reward from their parents. Some want to obtain good marks and some other want to aquire knowledge only.
6. Dealing some problems we have to discuss, would you please attend the meeting scheduled on Saturday night, 17 august 1995 at my house. Because it is very urgent, no excuse for you not to come to the meeting. Thanks a lot.
Unit 1 (PSYCHOLOGY AT A GLANCE)
UNIT 1 PSYCHOLOGY AT A GLANCE
Psychology studies the activities of individual. The science of human behaviors is actually a group of sciences. On one side we find psychology investigating the organs and cells that do the work of the organism, and the other side we see the social sciences studying nations and groups of mankind. There is room for a middle science that shall focus its attention on the individual. That middle science is psychology. Psychology studies the individual’s activity through-out his span of life, from the beginning before birth, up through the end of life. During this life history, the Man remains the same individual, although his behavior shows continuity along with many changes.
Psychology Compares children and adults, the normal and the abnormal and the human and the animal. It is interested in the differences between one individual and another, and still more interested, if possible, in the general laws activity including event of very different individuals-laws, for example, of growth, learning, thinking and emotion. Psychology can be defined as the science of the individual’s activities.
The word “activity” is used here in a board sense. It includes not only motor activities like walking and speaking but also cognitive (knowledge-getting) activities like seeing, hearing, remembering, thinking, and other emotional activities like laughing and crying, or feeling happy or sad. These last many seem passive, because they are activities, for the depend on the life of the organism, any manifestation of life can be called and activity. No matter how passive an individual may seem to himself in watching a game or listening to music, he is really carrying on an activity. The only way to be completely in active is to be dead.
VERB :
Studies : (stΛdi-ess) kkt. belajar. mempelajari
Find : (faind) vb mendapat : ̴̴ out, mendapati
Work : (w[^u]rk) kb. pekerjaan. karya. kerja. --kkt. mengerjakan. mengolah, mengusahakan
See : (s[=e]) melihat (s.o. or s. t.). menjumpai. membaca. membicarakan, pergi ke. menemui, berbicara dengan. memeriksa. mengerti. mengunjungi. bertemu, berjumpa.
Studying : (stΛdi-ing) kkt. belajar. mempelajari
Focus : (‘fouk ɚs) focus ; titik api
Studies : (stΛdi-ess) kkt. belajar. mempelajari
Trough-out : (tr[o^]f-ott) menempati
Remains : (Re*mein"es) kkt. tetap seperti seharusnya
Shows : (souus) kb. pameran, tontonan. pertunjukan. --kkt. (showed, showed or shown). memperlihatkan (to kepada)
Compares : (Com*peer-es) kkt. membandingkan. dibandingkan
Used : (yuus – ed) kb. penggunaan. kegunaan. gunanya. --kkt. menggunakan, mempergunakan, memakai
Activity : (Ac"tif-iti) rajin, cergas, aktif bekerja
May seem : (mee’ simm) kkb. (meight) boleh. mungkin. barangkali. semoga, mudah-mudahan
Listen+ing : (‘lisn) vb mendengarkan
Carry+ing : (‘kaeer) vb 1. Membawa ; 2. Memikum ; 3. Bersandar ; 4. Menjinjing
TRANSLATE
SEKILAS DALAM PSIKOLOGI
Psikologi mempelajari aktifitas individu. Ilmu yang mempelajari tentang perilaku manusia sebenarnya merupakan kelompok ilmu. Di satu sisi kita menemukan psikologi menyelidiki organ-organ dan sel-sel yang berkerja pada organisme, dan di sisi lain kita melihat ilmu pengetahuan sosial mempelajari bangsa dan sekelompok manusia/individu. Ada tempat bagi ilmu menengah yang akan memfokuskan perhatiannya pada individu. Ilmu menengah tersebut adalah psikologi. Psikologi mempelajari aktifitas individual melalui jangka waktu hidupnya. Dari awal sebelum lahir hingga menjelang akhir hidupnya. Sepanjang sejarah kehidupannya, manusia tetap individu yang sama walaupun perilakunya menunjukan kontinuitas bersama dengan banyak perubahan.
Psikologi membandingkan anak-anak dan orang dewasa, normal dan tak normal, manusia dan hewan. Hal ini sangat menarik dalam perbedaan individu yang satu dengan individu lainnya dan lebih menarik lagi jika memungkinkan dalam hukum aktifitas umum meliputi kejadian yang sangat berbeda dari hukum individual sebagai contoh ; perkembangan, belajar, berfikir, dan emosi. Psikologi dapat di definisikan sebagai ilmu aktifitas individu.
Kata “aktifitas” yang dipakai disini, dalam jangkauan luas. Hal ini meliputi tidak hanya aktifitas motorik seperti berjalan dam berbicara, tapi juga aktifitas kognitif (memperoleh pengetahuan) seperti melihat, mendengar, mengingat, berfikir dan aktifitas emosional lainnya seperti tertawa dan menangis atau merasa bahagia/sedih. Hal ini mungkin terlihat pasif, karna mereka adalah aktifitas, mereka bergantung pada kehidupan organism. Perwujudan kehidupan dapat dinamakan aktifitas. Tidak masalah seberapa pasif seseorang mungkin terlihat bagi dirinya dalam menonton permainan/mendengarkan music, dia sedang beraktifitas. Hanya 1 cara agar sepenuhnya menjadi tidak aktif yaitu kematian.
Glossary :
Behavior : tingkah laku
Attention : perhatian
Mankind : orang
Remains : tetap
Definded : diartikan, didefinisikan
Manifestation : perwujudan
Exercise 1
Answer these following questions
1. What is psychology? Psychology is a science that studies human activities/behavior.
2. Name some individual activities? Eating, writing, drinking, sleeping, talking, etc.
3. Give example(s) of motor, cognitive, and emotional activities?Motoric = walking, running, writing. Cognitive = thinking, remembering, studying. Emotional = sad, angry, happy, etc.
4. Is listening to music a kind activity? Why? Why not? Because listening is kind of cognitive activity.
5. What is meant by : the science of human behavior is actually a group of sciences? The science of human behaviors is actually a group of sciences.
6. When do we call an individual completely inactive? When someone died.
7. The word “activity” is used in a very broad of sense. What does it mean? The word “activity” is used here in a board sense.
8. What kind of activity is happening when you write a letter to your girl or boy friend? Emotional activity for exp happy, nervous, confused, etc.
9. Why do we study human behavior? Because we are social creature. So we can’t live alone, because of that by study human behavior we can’t understanding each other.
10. What causes the differences between individuals? Experiences and education at home genes, environment.
LANGUAGE WORK
A sentence is a group of words constructed orderly. It needs certain rules how to put the words into a sentence. First of all, we have to analyze the part of speech, that is, the classification of the word. Traditionally, a word in English is divided into part of speech, namely, noun, adjective, verb, and adverb. Look at these example.
1. Psychology compares children and adults
noun verb noun noun
2. The word “activity” is used here in a very broad sense
Noun noun verb verb adverb adverb adj noun
Behavior, attention, childhood, adolescence, maturity, motoractivity, cognitive activity, emotional activity, investigates
1. He loves his mother very much. When his mother was sick, he showed his attention.
2. When he was child, he never played toys. He really had an un happy childhood.
3. Their behavior towards me shows that they do no like me. It can be proved from how the look at me. When we meet, they always look away for me.
4. When a boy or girl gets biological changes and psycologycal changes (puberty), he or she enters in the maturity era.
5. When a baby learn how to take a walk and how to talk, he develops his motoractivity.
6. It is common for a mother to make her baby smile by doing a funny thing. Often, she does not get smiling and crying, even laughing, is good for a baby because at such time he develops hisemotional activity.
7. There was a mysterious murder. The police get difficulties to handie this case and look for a murderer. Finally they ask some detectives to investigates this case.
8. In Javanese culture when a baby is just delivered by a mother, the other people always try to wake the baby up by making aloud noise. The baby, of course, is surprised. But it is good for him because he develops his cognitive activity.
Psychology studies the activities of individual. The science of human behaviors is actually a group of sciences. On one side we find psychology investigating the organs and cells that do the work of the organism, and the other side we see the social sciences studying nations and groups of mankind. There is room for a middle science that shall focus its attention on the individual. That middle science is psychology. Psychology studies the individual’s activity through-out his span of life, from the beginning before birth, up through the end of life. During this life history, the Man remains the same individual, although his behavior shows continuity along with many changes.
Psychology Compares children and adults, the normal and the abnormal and the human and the animal. It is interested in the differences between one individual and another, and still more interested, if possible, in the general laws activity including event of very different individuals-laws, for example, of growth, learning, thinking and emotion. Psychology can be defined as the science of the individual’s activities.
The word “activity” is used here in a board sense. It includes not only motor activities like walking and speaking but also cognitive (knowledge-getting) activities like seeing, hearing, remembering, thinking, and other emotional activities like laughing and crying, or feeling happy or sad. These last many seem passive, because they are activities, for the depend on the life of the organism, any manifestation of life can be called and activity. No matter how passive an individual may seem to himself in watching a game or listening to music, he is really carrying on an activity. The only way to be completely in active is to be dead.
VERB :
Studies : (stΛdi-ess) kkt. belajar. mempelajari
Find : (faind) vb mendapat : ̴̴ out, mendapati
Work : (w[^u]rk) kb. pekerjaan. karya. kerja. --kkt. mengerjakan. mengolah, mengusahakan
See : (s[=e]) melihat (s.o. or s. t.). menjumpai. membaca. membicarakan, pergi ke. menemui, berbicara dengan. memeriksa. mengerti. mengunjungi. bertemu, berjumpa.
Studying : (stΛdi-ing) kkt. belajar. mempelajari
Focus : (‘fouk ɚs) focus ; titik api
Studies : (stΛdi-ess) kkt. belajar. mempelajari
Trough-out : (tr[o^]f-ott) menempati
Remains : (Re*mein"es) kkt. tetap seperti seharusnya
Shows : (souus) kb. pameran, tontonan. pertunjukan. --kkt. (showed, showed or shown). memperlihatkan (to kepada)
Compares : (Com*peer-es) kkt. membandingkan. dibandingkan
Used : (yuus – ed) kb. penggunaan. kegunaan. gunanya. --kkt. menggunakan, mempergunakan, memakai
Activity : (Ac"tif-iti) rajin, cergas, aktif bekerja
May seem : (mee’ simm) kkb. (meight) boleh. mungkin. barangkali. semoga, mudah-mudahan
Listen+ing : (‘lisn) vb mendengarkan
Carry+ing : (‘kaeer) vb 1. Membawa ; 2. Memikum ; 3. Bersandar ; 4. Menjinjing
TRANSLATE
SEKILAS DALAM PSIKOLOGI
Psikologi mempelajari aktifitas individu. Ilmu yang mempelajari tentang perilaku manusia sebenarnya merupakan kelompok ilmu. Di satu sisi kita menemukan psikologi menyelidiki organ-organ dan sel-sel yang berkerja pada organisme, dan di sisi lain kita melihat ilmu pengetahuan sosial mempelajari bangsa dan sekelompok manusia/individu. Ada tempat bagi ilmu menengah yang akan memfokuskan perhatiannya pada individu. Ilmu menengah tersebut adalah psikologi. Psikologi mempelajari aktifitas individual melalui jangka waktu hidupnya. Dari awal sebelum lahir hingga menjelang akhir hidupnya. Sepanjang sejarah kehidupannya, manusia tetap individu yang sama walaupun perilakunya menunjukan kontinuitas bersama dengan banyak perubahan.
Psikologi membandingkan anak-anak dan orang dewasa, normal dan tak normal, manusia dan hewan. Hal ini sangat menarik dalam perbedaan individu yang satu dengan individu lainnya dan lebih menarik lagi jika memungkinkan dalam hukum aktifitas umum meliputi kejadian yang sangat berbeda dari hukum individual sebagai contoh ; perkembangan, belajar, berfikir, dan emosi. Psikologi dapat di definisikan sebagai ilmu aktifitas individu.
Kata “aktifitas” yang dipakai disini, dalam jangkauan luas. Hal ini meliputi tidak hanya aktifitas motorik seperti berjalan dam berbicara, tapi juga aktifitas kognitif (memperoleh pengetahuan) seperti melihat, mendengar, mengingat, berfikir dan aktifitas emosional lainnya seperti tertawa dan menangis atau merasa bahagia/sedih. Hal ini mungkin terlihat pasif, karna mereka adalah aktifitas, mereka bergantung pada kehidupan organism. Perwujudan kehidupan dapat dinamakan aktifitas. Tidak masalah seberapa pasif seseorang mungkin terlihat bagi dirinya dalam menonton permainan/mendengarkan music, dia sedang beraktifitas. Hanya 1 cara agar sepenuhnya menjadi tidak aktif yaitu kematian.
Glossary :
Behavior : tingkah laku
Attention : perhatian
Mankind : orang
Remains : tetap
Definded : diartikan, didefinisikan
Manifestation : perwujudan
Exercise 1
Answer these following questions
1. What is psychology? Psychology is a science that studies human activities/behavior.
2. Name some individual activities? Eating, writing, drinking, sleeping, talking, etc.
3. Give example(s) of motor, cognitive, and emotional activities?Motoric = walking, running, writing. Cognitive = thinking, remembering, studying. Emotional = sad, angry, happy, etc.
4. Is listening to music a kind activity? Why? Why not? Because listening is kind of cognitive activity.
5. What is meant by : the science of human behavior is actually a group of sciences? The science of human behaviors is actually a group of sciences.
6. When do we call an individual completely inactive? When someone died.
7. The word “activity” is used in a very broad of sense. What does it mean? The word “activity” is used here in a board sense.
8. What kind of activity is happening when you write a letter to your girl or boy friend? Emotional activity for exp happy, nervous, confused, etc.
9. Why do we study human behavior? Because we are social creature. So we can’t live alone, because of that by study human behavior we can’t understanding each other.
10. What causes the differences between individuals? Experiences and education at home genes, environment.
LANGUAGE WORK
A sentence is a group of words constructed orderly. It needs certain rules how to put the words into a sentence. First of all, we have to analyze the part of speech, that is, the classification of the word. Traditionally, a word in English is divided into part of speech, namely, noun, adjective, verb, and adverb. Look at these example.
1. Psychology compares children and adults
noun verb noun noun
2. The word “activity” is used here in a very broad sense
Noun noun verb verb adverb adverb adj noun
Behavior, attention, childhood, adolescence, maturity, motoractivity, cognitive activity, emotional activity, investigates
1. He loves his mother very much. When his mother was sick, he showed his attention.
2. When he was child, he never played toys. He really had an un happy childhood.
3. Their behavior towards me shows that they do no like me. It can be proved from how the look at me. When we meet, they always look away for me.
4. When a boy or girl gets biological changes and psycologycal changes (puberty), he or she enters in the maturity era.
5. When a baby learn how to take a walk and how to talk, he develops his motoractivity.
6. It is common for a mother to make her baby smile by doing a funny thing. Often, she does not get smiling and crying, even laughing, is good for a baby because at such time he develops hisemotional activity.
7. There was a mysterious murder. The police get difficulties to handie this case and look for a murderer. Finally they ask some detectives to investigates this case.
8. In Javanese culture when a baby is just delivered by a mother, the other people always try to wake the baby up by making aloud noise. The baby, of course, is surprised. But it is good for him because he develops his cognitive activity.
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